新领导权、文化软实力和文化话语权后政治时代文化霸权的话语重构

New leadership, Cultural soft power and Cultural discourse powerThe discourse reconstruction of cultural hegemony in the post political era

  • 摘要: 文化霸权的理论嬗变凸显了后政治时代对文化话语的重构。伴随着多元化斗争形态的兴起与全球治理范式的转型,政治实践逐渐从传统的阶级对抗模式向文化、社会与话语层面的权力运作转型。葛兰西的“文化霸权”概念及其所依托的阶级斗争逻辑逐渐式微,并在学术与政治话语体系中被更具弹性的“新领导权”“文化软实力”以及“文化话语权”等理论术语所取代。与此同时,数字媒介的发展进一步加剧了文化霸权场域的转移,话语权力开始从国家意识形态向社交媒体、网络平台扩散,形成了去中心化的竞争新格局。大众文化的迅速传播既增强了文化影响力也带来了意识形态风险,文化民粹主义的兴起和去政治化趋势对国家文化软实力建设提出了新的要求。面对这一变局,既需要充分发挥大众文化的创造力,也要持续掌握意识形态领导权,巩固国家文化话语权的主导地位。

     

    Abstract: The theoretical evolution of cultural hegemony highlights the reconstruction of cultural discourse in the post-political era. With the rise of diversified forms of struggle and the transformation of global governance paradigms, political practice has gradually shifted from traditional class confrontation models to the operation of power within cultural, social, and discursive dimensions. Antonio Gramsci’s concept of "cultural hegemony" and its foundational logic of class struggle have gradually waned, giving way to more flexible theoretical frameworks such as "neo-hegemony," "cultural soft power," and "cultural discourse power" in both academic and political discourses. Concurrently, the development of digital media has intensified the shifting terrain of cultural hegemony, as discursive power diffuses from state ideological apparatuses to social media and online platforms, fostering a decentralized competitive landscape. The rapid dissemination of mass culture not only amplifies cultural influence but also introduces ideological risks. The emergence of cultural populism and depoliticization trends pose new challenges to the construction of national cultural soft power. In response to this transformation, it is imperative to harness the creative potential of mass culture while maintaining ideological leadership to consolidate the state’s dominance in cultural discourse.

     

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