Abstract: As an important component of China's unified national market and the socialist market economy, the bidding and tendering market relies on fairness to ensure its normal operation and the optimal allocation of resources. There is an urgent need to develop a quantitative tool that can measure the overall level of fair competition in this market. In line with the State Council's guideline to promote the standardized and healthy development of the bidding market, which calls for "exploring the formulation of a Fair Competition Index for the Bidding and Tendering Market," this study proposes a framework for constructing such an index based on the principles of equality in opportunity, process, and outcome. The index is divided into four sub-indices: fairness in market access, fairness in rules, fairness in information, and fairness in outcomes. Corresponding evaluation indicators are developed, and observation points for these indicators are selected and explained. The study aims to provide a scientific, systematic, and practical Fair Competition Index for the Bidding and Tendering Market, which can serve as an effective tool for evaluating and managing competition fairness at the national, local, and industry levels.