Abstract: "Theory also becomes a material force as soon as it has gripped the masses." This is Marx's assertion exploring the material power of theoretical weapons. This assertion highlights the practical significance of theoretical identification by the proletariat masses, with the core being to grasp "man himself", which can be understood as the proletariat. On the basis of this theoretical identification, Hegemony can be reflected. Gramsci took Marxist theory as the premise of ideological identification, applied Marxist theory in the political activities of the Turin period, and summarized historical experience in practice, which laid an important ideological foundation for the construction of his Hegemony theory later. However, as far as the general situation of the proletariat revolution in Europe in the early 20th century is concerned, it was shrouded in the shadow of failure, which implies the struggle for hegemony. The struggle for Hegemony is to obtain the identification of the masses, and Gramsci's theory of Hegemony aims to provide theoretical guidance for this problem, to obtain the approval of the masses, and to provide a basis for theoretical identification and practice related to the future. The ideological resources obtained from Gramsci's historical analysis of Hegemony can provide a theoretical reference for us to construct hegemony, and have theoretical enlightenment and practical value.