Abstract: The construction of the New Political Party System is an important part in advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities. Under the background of overall consideration of both international and domestic situations, national governance is faced with three major tests of popular support, making up for shortcomings and strengthening the weaknesses, and personnel metabolism. The construction of the New Political Party System requires a firm foundation, a sound system, and a firm grasp of the system. Centering on the purpose, guarantee, and the main body, the New Political Party System should achieve its democratic centralization function of “one-party leadership, multi-party cooperation, one-party governance, and multi-party participation in politics”.