Abstract: In order to explore the economic development path of China’s deep decarbonization transformation and upgrading under the goal of “carbon neutrality”, index systems were built to evaluate the provincial low-carbon economic development level and technological innovation capabilities, and effect function of network structure and individual attributes were built as influencing factors. After using the RSIENA method to analyze the network dynamics, it is found that the “polarization” and “echoes” of low-carbon development resources in the eastern provinces from 2006 to 2016 have effectively improved the overall development of China's low-carbon economy. There is a significant preference for social proximity and geographical proximity in resource allocation paths between provinces. The improvement of technological innovation capability has promoted the expansion of the low-carbon economy network, and enterprise innovation enthusiasm is the key to improving the province’s ability to absorb low-carbon development resources. In general, there is a co-evolution trend between the provincial technological innovation capability and the low-carbon economy network at this stage, but there are also several problems: the mediating role of resource transmission in the central region has not been effectively played, and the western provinces have a significant preference for geographical proximity, intensifying the matthew effect in the development of China's low-carbon economy. The overall network connection is becoming more and more loose, the structural hole effect is significant, and the cost effect of resource allocation is increased. The technology spillover effect between provinces will further promote the inter-regional transfer of primary industries, and the phenomenon that high-carbon production is exchanged for economic development need to be vigilant. In the current state of provincial spatial linkage, the stock of innovative resources in low-gradient areas have not yet increased, and the polarization of technological innovation capabilities between provinces is still expanding.