Abstract: "On Protracted War" refuted the two wrong ideas of "national subjugation" and "quick victory", and held that the Anti-Japanese War is a "protracted war", trying to make people understand the sino-japanese war in the correct manner. Mao Zedong recognized the power change of the China-Japan from dynamic process. Japan was strong, small, and lack of support for unjust cause, while China was weak, big and have abundant support from just cause. According to the development trend of the war, Mao Zedong divided the war into three stages: strategic defensive, strategic stalemate, strategic offensive. The enemy turned from advantages to disadvantages, we turned from the disadvantage into advantage, and the final victory belongs to China. The dialectical thinking mode and methodology in "On Protracted War" is of great significance to the various problems in the current economic construction, and in this way Marxism popularization and Marxism modernization can be further promoted. The social problems must be recognized from the dynamic viewpoint in order to resolve these problems, dialectics of Marxism should be insisted, learning and using the Marxism philosophy well and recognizing and solving the problem in philosophy thinking style. Integrating “protracted” and “quick”, and integrating Marxist theory with People's Daily life, in the practice process Marxism theories is made embodiment furthermore.