Abstract: The strategic targets of peaking carbon emissions and carbon neutral put forward higher requirements for the green development of logistics industry. As one of the industries with high energy consumption, logistics is not only an important driving force to support the development of national economy, but also the main force to save energy and reduce consumption. An objective and comprehensive evaluation of the green transformation effect of logistics industry is conducive to finding and solving the problems in the transformation process, so as to realize the high-quality development of the logistics industry. On the basis of the economic indicators of evaluating the development of the logistics industry, this paper innovatively introduces the energy efficiency indicators and constructs the evaluation index system of the green transformation effect of the logistics industry. Then, factor analysis method is used to comprehensively evaluate the green transformation effect of logistics industry in 30 provinces in China, and then cluster analysis method is further used to discuss the common characteristics of logistics industry development in various provinces. Finally, in order to explain the impact of energy utilization on the overall logistics development, the evaluation results of logistics development level before and after considering energy efficiency are compared. The results show that there is a big gap in the degree of green transformation of logistics industry among provinces in China, and each province has different control over the energy efficiency of its own logistics industry. Therefore, policies and measures should be taken from the aspects of speeding up the construction of logistics infrastructure, promoting the technological innovation of logistics production, paying attention to the planning and design of logistics system and establishing and perfecting relevant laws and regulations, so as to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the logistics industry, thus promoting the green transformation of the logistics industry and achieving high-quality development.